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SLA · Intermediate · No. 019
The Output Hypothesis

The Output Hypothesis, proposed by Merrill Swain, holds that producing language, especially when pushed to be precise, helps learners notice gaps, test hypotheses and reflect on form in ways comprehension alone may not.

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Concepts
Epistemic Status and Epistemic StanceNo. 027 · Discourse
Teacher CognitionNo. 026 · Teacher Dev.
Construction GrammarNo. 025 · Cognitive
Data-Driven LearningNo. 024 · Corpus
The Teaching–Learning CycleNo. 023 · SFL
InvestmentNo. 022 · Socioling.
Dynamic AssessmentNo. 021 · Assessment
Focus on FormNo. 020 · Pedagogy
The Output HypothesisNo. 019 · SLA
The Apprenticeship of ObservationNo. 018 · Teacher Dev.
Prototype TheoryNo. 017 · Cognitive
The Idiom PrincipleNo. 016 · Corpus
Theme and RhemeNo. 015 · SFL
TranslanguagingNo. 014 · Socioling.
RecastsNo. 013 · Discourse
Formative AssessmentNo. 012 · Assessment
Task-Based Language TeachingNo. 011 · Pedagogy
The Noticing HypothesisNo. 010 · SLA
Reflective PracticeNo. 009 · Teacher Dev.
Conceptual MetaphorNo. 008 · Cognitive
CollocationNo. 007 · Corpus
Register: Field, Tenor and ModeNo. 006 · SFL
Communicative CompetenceNo. 005 · Socioling.
IRF / IRE SequenceNo. 004 · Discourse
WashbackNo. 003 · Assessment
ScaffoldingNo. 002 · Pedagogy
InterlanguageNo. 001 · SLA
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